Rocket Lab begins installation of large AFP machine for rocket production

Rocket Lab USA Inc.(Long Beach, Calif., U.S.), a global launch services and space systems company, has begun installation of what it claims is the largest automated fiber placement (AFP) machine of its kind into the company's Neutron rocket production line in Middle River, Maryland. The AFP machine will enable Rocket Lab to automate production of the largest carbon fiber composite rocket structures in history.

The custom-built 99-ton, 12-meter-tall robotic machine, made by Electroimpact (Mukilteo, Wash., U.S.), has just completed final acceptance testing with the manufacturer and installation has begun at Rocket Lab's Space Structures Complex in Middle River. The new machine will automate

the production of all large composite structures of the Neutron launch vehicle, including the panels that make up the 28-meter-lengthinterstage and fairing, 7-meter-diameter first stage and the 5-meter-diameter second stage tank.

The autonomous machine can move up to 30 meters in length and lay down continuous carbon fiber at a rate of 100 meters per minute. The AFP machine also has a fully automated real-time inspection system that hunts for minuscule defects throughout the carbon fiber laminate and alerts the machine operator of any issues before the machine begins laying down the next layer, providing additional assurance that these critical structures meet Rocket Lab’s high-quality standards required for reusable Neutron launches.

As Neutron’s composite structures move into full-scale production, this autonomous machine is expected to introduce significant time savings of 150,000+ manufacturing hours into the production process.

fiber placement (AFP) machine from Rocket Lab USA

“As we build the world’s largest carbon [fiber] composite rocket, it makes sense that we require a world-first carbon [fiber] composite fiber placement machine,” Rocket Lab founder and CEO, Sir Peter Beck, says. “We’re combining our proprietary flight-proven carbon [fiber] composite technology, additive manufacturing and autonomous robotics to design and build large-scale aerospace components at a pace that will support not only Neutron’s launch cadence, but support Electron and carbon [fiber] composites structures for our spacecraft customers, too. We worked closely with our partners at Electroimpact to create this robot.”

The AFP machine will also be leveraged to print smaller carbon fiber composite Neutron structures, first stages of Rocket Lab’s Electron launch vehicle and other flight-proven composite structures for space including spacecraft structural panels and assemblies, solar panel substrates, carbon composite tanks and primary structures, and custom projects for the aerospace industry.

About Neutron Rocket

The "Neutron" rocket is a new medium-lift reusable launch vehicle developed by Rocket Lab. It can carry objects weighing up to 13,000 kg into low Earth orbit and is designed to deploy satellite constellations, carry out critical national security missions, and facilitate human exploration beyond Earth's orbit. Neutron will be the world’s first medium-class carbon composite rocket, building on Rocket Lab’s proprietary technology previously tested and applied more than 50 times on the Electron, a small orbital launch vehicle made from carbon composite materials. Neutron is powered by Rocket Lab’s new 3D-printed reusable rocket engine, "Archimedes." This engine uses a liquid oxygen and methane propellant and features an oxygen-rich staged combustion design, enabling rapid reuse, deep throttling for multiple in-space engine burns, and propulsive landing back at the launch site. Neutron’s first launch and landing are scheduled for 2025 at Rocket Lab’s launch complex in the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport on Wallops Island, Virginia.

Reference:

1. Grace Nehls. “Rocket Lab begins installation of large AFP machine for rocket production”.CompositesWorld, 12 August 2024. Rocket Lab begins installation of large AFP machine for rocket production | CompositesWorld

2. Rocket Lab.Rocket Lab begins installation of large AFP machine for rocket production | CompositesWorld